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Showing posts with label Komputer. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Komputer. Show all posts

Feb 1, 2009

Linus Torvalds Father of Linux

source : wikipedia.org



Linus Benedict Torvalds (lahir 28 Desember 1969 di Helsinki, Finlandia) adalah rekayasawan perangkat lunak Finlandia yang dikenal sebagai perintis pengembangan kernel Linux. Ia sekarang bertindak sebagai koordinator proyek tersebut.


Linux terinsipirasi oleh Minix (suatu sistem operasi yang dikembangkan oleh Andrew S. Tanenbaum) untuk mengembangkan suatu sistem operasi mirip-Unix (Unix-like) yang dapat dijalankan pada suatu PC. Linux sekarang dapat dijalankan pada berbagai arsitektur lain.

Ketika Linus Torvalds, seorang mahasiswa Finlandia pendiam membagi-bagikan kode sumber (source code) kernel Linux seukuran disket via internet di tahun 1991, ia sama sekali tidak menduga bahwa apa yang dimulainya melahirkan sebuah bisnis bernilai milyaran dolar di kemudian hari.

Ia bahkan tidak menduga Linux kemudian menjadi sistem operasi paling menjanjikan, yang bisa dibenamkan ke dalam server, komputer desktop, tablet PC, PDA, handphone, GPS, robot, mobil hingga pesawat ulang alik buatan NASA.

Tidak hanya itu, banyak maniak Linux (Linuxer) yang membeli perangkat buatan Apple dan mengganti sistem operasinya dengan Linux. Bagi saya itu sedikit gila, mengingat menghapus sistem operasi Mac & iPod berarti membuang duit dan menggantinya sistem operasinya cukup sulit dibanding desktop berbasis Windows. Saat ini 20% pangsa pasar desktop di seluruh dunia menggunakan Linux jauh di atas Machintosh dan terus mengejar desktop Windows. Dan 12,7% server di seluruh dunia menggunakan Linux, jauh di atas UNIX, BSD, Solaris, dan terus meningkat menggerus pangsa pasar server Microsoft.

Saat ini Linus meninggalkan posisi menjanjikan di perusahaan semi konduktor Transmeta dan tinggal bersama istri dan 3 anaknya di sebuah bukit di desa di Portland, Oregon, USA, berdekatan dengan markas Open Source Development Labs. Organisasi nirlaba ini diawaki oleh 20-an programmer yang punya gairah hampir sama dengan Linus. Mereka terus mengembangkan kernel Linux yang kini berukuran 290-an MegaBytes atau melebihi 9 milyar baris kode. Linux beserta timnya menerima masukan baris-baris kode dari seluruh penjuru dunia, menyortir, menetapkan skala prioritas dan memasukkan gagasan paling brilian ke dalam kernel. LSD sendiri disokong oleh puluhan raksasa IT seperti IBM, HP, Dell dan Sun, baik dari sisi materi maupun sumber daya manusia.

Linus bukan orang pertama yang membagi-bagikan source code karena pola ini adalah hal yang biasa di masa awal tumbuhnya industri komputer. Tapi Linus sukses menetapkan standar yang memaksa banyak pengembang ikut membebaskan kode sumber program mereka, mulai dari BSD, Solaris, Suse, Java hingga Adobe.

Meski hanya bergaji ratusan ribu dolar pertahun, Linus telah menciptakan banyak multimilyuner dalam industri komputer mulai dari RedHat, Suse, Debian, Mandriva, Ubuntu dan banyak developer software open source lainnya. Hampir tak ada yang berubah dari Linus. Ketika ia datang terlambat di suatu konferensi IT, ia bahkan tak segan-segan duduk di lantai dengan celana pendek dan sepatu-sandal kesukaannya. Ia bahkan tidak marah tatkala memberikan pidato di mimbar dan diinterupsi oleh beberapa programmer BSD yang maju ke depan panggung yang mengklaim bahwa kernel BSD jauh lebih hebat ketimbang kernel Linux. Ia bahkan tidak segan-segan memakai T-Shirt BSD yang disodorkan pemrotes dan melanjutkan pidatonya.

Menurut Linus, apa yang dilakukannya hanyalah untuk berbagi. Berbeda dengan Richard M Stallman yang fanatik dengan konsep free software, Linus hanya menekankan sisi keterbukaan (open), tak peduli apakah kemudian dalam suatu sistem operasi bercampur program free dan proprietery.

Setiap kata-kata Linus hampir menjadi sabda di kalangan Linuxer yang menciptakan standar nilai tertentu. Setiap publikasi, pidato, email dab press releasenya selalu ditunggu-tunggu jutaan orang. Di sela kesibukannya, Linus menyempatkan diri bersepeda menuruni bukit dan minum di bar desa. Bila ada nabi dalam dunia komputer, bisa dipastikan itu Linus (dan Steve Wozniak). Dan setannya tentu Bill Gates :)

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'Human error' hits Google search



Google's search service has been hit by technical problems, with users unable to access search results.
For a period on Saturday, all search results were flagged as potentially harmful, with users warned that the site "may harm your computer".

Users who clicked on their preferred search result were advised to pick another one.
Google attributed the fault to human error and said most users were affected for about 40 minutes.

What happened? Very simply, human error," wrote Marissa Mayer, vice president, search products and user experience, on the Official Google Blog.
The internet search engine works with stopbadware.org to ascertain which sites

install malicious software on people's computers and merit a warning.
Stopbadware.org investigates consumer complaints to decide which sites are dangerous.
The list of malevolent sites is regularly updated and handed to Google.

When Google updated the list on Saturday, it mistakenly flagged all sites as potentially dangerous.
"We will carefully investigate this incident and put more robust file checks in place to prevent it from happening again," Ms Mayer wrote.

Readmore »»

Jan 31, 2009

Domain Gratis di CO.CC


Kalau Anda ingin punya domain gratis Anda bisa mendaftar dengan mudah di CO.CC. Domain ini nantinya dapat digunakan untuk banyak hal. Antara lain, (1) untuk menjadi domain blog Anda di blogspot, (2) menjadi domain Anda di wordpress.com; (3) menjadi domain Anda dengan hosting gratis di 000webhost.com. Fungsi nomor (3) ini khusus bagi Anda yang ingin berlatih memiliki situs dengan domain dan hosting sendiri.


Cara daftar di CO.CC

1. Kunjungi CO.CC

2. Di kotak yang tersedia (lihat gambar 1), isi alamat yang diinginkan. Contoh. namasaya.co.cc. Klik “Check Availability”. Kalau “Available” (belum ada yang punya), teruskan prosesnya. Kalau sudah ada yang pakai, ulangi lagi dengan mengisi nama yang lain.


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Jan 30, 2009

How to make Tag CLouds on Your Blog


How to install Blogumus in your Blogger layout
Installing Blogumus in your Blogger layout is surprisingly simple! You should only need to copy and paste a section of code to your Blogger template, though any tweaks for the style of display will require some manual editing. Here are the steps required to install Blogumus in your Blogger layout: Go to Layout>Edit HTML in your Blogger dashboard, and search for the following line code (find this code or similar):
Click Edit - Find ( ctrl+f )


<b:section class='sidebar' id='sidebar' preferred='yes'>

Immediatly after this line,copy and paste the following section of code below :


<b:widget id='Label99' locked='false' title='Labels' type='Label'>
<b:includable id='main'>
<b:if cond='data:title'>
<h2><data:title/></h2>
</b:if>
<div class='widget-content'>
<script src='http://halotemplates.s3.amazonaws.com/wp-cumulus-example/swfobject.js' type='text/javascript'/>
<div id='flashcontent'>Blogumulus by <a href='http://www.roytanck.com/'>Roy Tanck</a> and <a href='http://www.bloggerbuster.com'>Amanda Fazani</a></div>
<script type='text/javascript'>
var so = new SWFObject(&quot;http://halotemplates.s3.amazonaws.com/wp-cumulus-example/tagcloud.swf&quot;, &quot;tagcloud&quot;, &quot;140&quot;, &quot;150&quot;, &quot;7&quot;, &quot;#ffffff&quot;);
// uncomment next line to enable transparency
//so.addParam(&quot;wmode&quot;, &quot;transparent&quot;);
so.addVariable(&quot;tcolor&quot;, &quot;0x333333&quot;);
so.addVariable(&quot;mode&quot;, &quot;tags&quot;);
so.addVariable(&quot;distr&quot;, &quot;true&quot;);
so.addVariable(&quot;tspeed&quot;, &quot;100&quot;);
so.addVariable(&quot;tagcloud&quot;, &quot;<tags><b:loop values='data:labels' var='label'><a expr:href='data:label.url' style='12'><data:label.name/></a></b:loop></tags>&quot;);
so.addParam(&quot;allowScriptAccess&quot;, &quot;always&quot;);
so.write(&quot;flashcontent&quot;);
</script>
<b:include name='quickedit'/>
</div>
</b:includable>
</b:widget>


Then preview your template. If installed correctly, you should see the tag cloud appear in your sidebar. Then you are free to save your template, edit the colors and dimensions as required, or move it to a different location. That's all!

Customizing Blogumus
In this default installation, Blogumus includes the following preset variables:
You can find " Text HEXADECIMAL CODE ON INTERNET " go to google search.

* Width is set to 140px
* Height is set to 150px;
* Background color is white
* Test color is grey
* Font size is "12"


If you would prefer to make your widget wider, shorter, change the color scheme, etc, you will need to do this by editing various parts of the code. I'll go through these options in the order they appear in the widget code. Editing width and height The variables for width and height are found in this line of the script:

var so = new SWFObject("http://halotemplates.s3.amazonaws.com/wp-cumulus-example/tagcloud.swf", "tagcloud", "240", "300", "7", "#ffffff");

The width (currently 240) is highlighted in Blue, while the height (300px default) is highlighted in blue. These numerical values specify the width and height in pixels, so you can alter these of you prefer. Editing background color You can change the background color from white to any other color by altering the hex value in the same line:

var so = new SWFObject("http://halotemplates.s3.amazonaws.com/wp-cumulus-example/tagcloud.swf", "tagcloud", "240", "300", "7", "#ffffff");

For example, if you prefer a bright red background, you may replace #ffffff with #ff0000. Take a look at this page for a list of commonly used hex color codes. Alter the color of text By default, the text is set to display as dark grey ( hex value #333333). You can alter this variable in the following line:

so.addVariable("tcolor", "0x333333");

Be aware that "tcolor" is a Flash variable and doesn't include the usual hash symbol of hex color codes. Be sure to only replace the numbers! Adjust the font size The maximum font size of tags is specified in this line:

so.addVariable("tagcloud", "<tags><b:loop values='data:labels' var='label'><a expr:href='data:label.url' style='12'><data:label.name/></a></b:loop></tags>");

You can alter this to ensure tags are displayed in a bigger or smaller font if you prefer by changing "12" to a larger or smaller number. While making any of these changes, you should be able to preview your widget and be certain that your new choice of color, dimensions and background are suitable for your needs.

Happy Blogging Guys

Thank's to Roy Tanck

Readmore »»

Jan 28, 2009

Virus Conficker

Sumber: Vaksincom
Tri Wahono
JAKARTA, Kompas - Belum selesai menghadapi virus-virus lokal yang ada, varian virus Conficker menjadi momok sudah menjadi ancaman baru bagi pengguna komputer. Virus ini mampu membuat akses pada website security dan update antivirus menjadi tertutup, membuat scheduled task sendiri dan menjadi mudah berkembang serta membuat jaringan menjadi lambat. Bahkan virus ini juga menyerang Windows Vista dan Windows 2008.
Tak semua antivirus dapat mendeteksinya dan belum satupun antivirus dapat mematahkan kekuatannya. Apa yang dapat Anda lakukan jika komputer Anda terjangkit Conficker? Simak tips dan trik pembasmian virus Conficker dari vaksinis Vaksin.com, Adi Saputra.


Tak semua antivirus dapat mendeteksinya dan belum satupun antivirus dapat mematahkan kekuatannya. Apa yang dapat Anda lakukan jika komputer Anda terjangkit Conficker? Simak tips dan trik pembasmian virus Conficker dari vaksinis Vaksin.com, Adi Saputra.
1. Scan PC yang terinfeksi dengan menggunakan tools Network Monitor, seperti Wireshark, Ethersal,
atau Maa Tech Security. Dengan tools ini kita bisa melihat biang dari penularan virus ini.

2. Kemudian, scan PC yang vulnerable dengan tools analysis security seperti LanGuard Security Scanner, Microsoft Baseline Security Analyzer, dan Nessus untuk mengetahui komputer vulnerable.

3. Lalu putuskan koneksi komputer dari jaringan lokal maupun internet.

4. Matikan proses virus yang aktif pada services dan mendompleng "svchost.exe" dengan menggunakan Norman atau Unlocker untuk membersihkan virus.

5. Hapus string services yang mendompleng pada svchost.exe dengan menggunakan Registry Cleaner seperti Gmer untuk menghapus file virus ini.

6. Hapus pula string registry yang dibuat oleh virus.

7. Hapus string virus yang aktif pada start-up menggunakan ms-config.

8. Kemudian, bersihkan folder Temporary Internet dengan menggunakan tools cleaner, seperti Norman
Malware Cleaner dan Unlocker.


Jangan Lengah, Kenali Ciri-ciri Serangan Conficker

jika terinfeksi virus Conficker, komputer benar-benar seperti zombie yang diambil alih pihak lain. Pengguna tak berkutik terutama saat terhubung dengan jaringan Internet. Serangan Conficker akan sangat mengganggu karena tidak hanya mengambil alih sebagian kerja komputer, namun juga menelanjangi fungsi keamanan yang seharusnya melindungi komputer dari ancaman virus dan sejenisnya.
Namun, karena tidak merusak langsung seringkali serangan tersebut tak disadari. Nah, apakah komputer sudah terinfeksi Conficker atau belum dapat dikenali dari ciri-cirinya. Gejala Conficker yang paling umum adalah munculnya pesan Generic Host Process Error setiap kali pengguna komputer menghubungkan dirinya dengan internet.
Selain itu, Conficker juga diketahui menyebabkan login username Active Directory dikunci karena ia melakukan aksi Bruteforce. Dalam banyak kasus malahan serangan menyebabkan terganggunya koneksi internet komputer/jaringan korbannya.  
Jika anda mengalami satu atau beberapa gejala dibawah ini, berarti Conficker telah menginfeksi:

1. Username Login di Active Directory (AD) Windows terkunci berulang-ulang. Jadi meskipun sudah terkunci (lock) dan dibuka oleh Admin, tetapi terkunci lagi.

2.Komputer mendapatkan pesan error Generic Host Process.

3.Komputer tidak bisa mengakses situs-situs tertentu seperti www.microsoft.com, www.symantec.com, www.norman.com, www.clamav.com, www.grisoft.com, www.avast.com dan www.eset.com dengan pesan "Address not Found" tetapi jika situs-situs tersebut di akses dari alamat IPnya akan bisa diakses. Dan situs-situs lain tidak ada gangguan berarti.

4.Update definisi antivirus terganggu karena akses ke situs antivirus diblok.

5. Banyak aplikasi tidak berfungsi dengan baik. Khususnya aplikasi yang memanfaatkan jaringan dan menggunakan port 1024 s/d port 10.000  

Ciri File Virus  
Virus Conficker.DV memiliki file yang di kompress melalui UPX. File virus berukuran 162 kb. File virus yang masuk bert ipe gambar (gif, jpeg, bmp, png). Sedangkan file yang aktif umumnya bertype "dll" (dynamic link library).
File virus yang berusaha masuk akan berada pada lokasi temporary internet:  

1. %Documents and Settings-Settings-Internet Files-acak%].[%gif,jpeg,bmp,png%]

2. %Documents and Settings-Settings-Temporary Internet Files-  
Jika file virus yang masuk berhasil dijalankan, virus akan mengcopy dirinya pada salah satu lokasi folder berikut :  

3. %Documents and Settings%-Data-acak%].dll

4. %Program Files%-Explorer-acak%].dll

5. %Program Files%-Maker-acak%].dll

6. %WINDOWS%-acak%].dll

7. %WINDOWS%-acak%].dll  
 
File "dll" inilah yang aktif dan "mendompleng" file svchost.exe (Windows Server Service) untuk melakukan penyebaran virus kembali. Vi rus juga akan mengcopy file "[%nama acak%].tmp" pada folder %WINDOWS%-(contohnya : 01.tmp atau 06.tmp). Setelah menggunakan file tersebut, kemudian virus mendelete file tersebut.  

]Gejala/Efek Virus  
Jika sudah terinfeksi W32/Conficker.DV, virus akan menimbulkan gejala / efek berikut :  
1. Jika varian sebelumnya mematikan service "Workstation, Server dan Windows Firewall/Internet Connection Sharing (ICS)". Maka kali ini virus berusaha untuk mematikan dan men-disable beberapa service, yaitu:
- wscsvc : Security Center
- wuauserv : Automatic Updates
- BITS : Background Intellegent Transfer Service
- ERSvc : Error Reporting Service
- WerSvc : Windows Error Reporting Service (Vista, Server 2008)
- WinDefend : Windows Defender (Vista, Server 2008)  

2.Virus m ampu melakukan blok terhadap program aplikasi yang berjalan saat mengakses website yang mengandung string berikut. Hal ini dilakukan tanpa melakukan perubahan pada host file yang ada. Dengan melakukan blok, dapat mencegah program anti-malware untuk melakukan update antivirus dan mencegah user saat mencoba akses ke website keamanan.  

3. Virus berusaha melakukan perubahan pada system Windows Vista / Server 2008 dengan menggunakan perintah :
" netsh interface tcp set global autotuning=disabled"  
Dengan perintah ini, maka windows auto tuning akan di-disable. Windows Auto-Tuning merupakan salah satu fitur dari Windows Vista dan Server 2008 yang berguna untuk meningkatkan performa ketika mencoba aks es jaringan. Info selengkapnya pada http://support.microsoft.com/kb/947239  


4.Virus berusaha mendownload dan mengeksekusi file (bmp, gif, jpeg, png) yang kemudian masuk pada temporary internet.  


5.Virus akan mengecek koneksi internet dan men-download file dengan menyesuaikan tanggal setelah 1 Januari 2009. Untuk itu virus mengecek pada beberapa wesite berikut :  

baidu.com, google.com, Yahoo.com, msn.com, ask.com, w3.org, aol.com, cnn.com
ebay.com, myspace.com  

6. Virus akan membuat rule firewall pada gateway jaringan local yang membuat serangan dari luar terkoneksi dan mendapatkan alamat external IP Address yang terinfeksi melalui berbagai macam port (1024 hingga 10000).

7. Virus akan membuat services dengan karakteristik berikut, agar dapat berjalan otomatis saat start-up windows :
Service name: "[%nama acak%].dll"
Path to executable: %System32%--k netsvcs
Serta dengan menggunakan kombinasi dari beberapa string berikut yang muncul pada deskripsi service (biasanya gabungan 2 string semisal "Security Windows") :  
Boot, Center, Config, Driver, Helper, Image, Installer, Manager, Microsoft, Monitor, Network, Security, Server, Shell, Support, System, Task, Time, Universal, Update, Windows  

8. Virus membuat HTTP Server pada port yang acak :
Http://%ExternalIPAddress%:%PortAcak(1024-10000)%  
Virus melakukan koneksi ke beberapa website untuk mendapatkan alamat IP Address external yang sudah diinfeksi :  
- http://www.getmyip.org
-http://www.whatsmyipaddress.com
- http://getmyip.co.uk
-http://checkip.dyndns.org
- Virus membuat scheduled task untuk menjalankan file virus yang sudah di copy dengan perintah :  
"rundll32.exe .[%eks tensi acak%], [%acak]"

Waspada, 9 Juta Komputer Sudah Terinfeksi Conficker

eperti virus penyakit, virus komputer juga menyebar dengan cepat dari satu komputer ke komputer lain. Wabah yang tengah mengancam jutaan komputer di seluruh dunia sekarang adalah serangan yang disebut conficker.
Program berbahaya ini telah menginfeksi 6 juta-9 juta komputer di seluruh dunia hanya dalam waktu 2 minggu. Kawasan yang terkena serangan paling tinggi adalah Asia dan Amerika Latin.
Berdasarkan data Symantec, China dan Argentina merupakan negara yang paling parah terkena serangan jenis worm ini. Conficker baru menyebar sekitar dua bulan lalu, tapi telah menimbulkan kepanikan yang begitu masif.
Hampir 29 persen komputer di China terinfeksi conficker. Sementara Argentina telah mencapai 11 persen. Selain itu, serangan ini juga cepat menyebar di Brasil dan Rusia. "Kami tak melihat jumlah terinfeksi yang sebesar itu di tempat lainnya," ujar Alfred Huger, Wakil Presiden Symantec Security Response. Di AS, misalnya, komputer yang terinfeksi baru sekitar 1 persen.
Huger mengatakan, worm ini memang didesain pembuatnya untuk menuliskan kode yang bekerja pada jaringan China dan Brasil sehingga kedua negara itulah yang sepertinya menjadi target serangan. Namun, versi terbarunya menyerang ke jaringan lebih luas.
"Saya kira pembajakan punya peran meski saya tidak tahu bagaimana pengaruhnya," ujar Huger. Negara di Asia dan Amerika Latin selama ini dikenal dengan tingkat pembajakan software yang sangat tinggi.
Para pengamat keamanan komputer saat ini masih meraba-raba apa yang akan dilakukan pembuat conficker setelah menginfeksi jutaan komputer di seluruh dunia. Yang pasti, komputer yang terinfeksi dapat diambil alih pembuat virus dari jarak jauh layaknya zombie. Jutaan komputer tersebut bakal menjadi jaringan botnet terbesar di dunia yang rawan dimanfaatkan untuk melakukan tindakan kriminal seperti pencurian data rahasia atau bahkan rekening bank. Dalam beberapa kasus, komputer yang terserang akan mengalami gangguan koneksi setiap kali terhubung ke internet.
Conficker yang juga disebut Downandup atau Kido menyerang dengan cara memanfaatkan celah kelemahan pada fitur Windows Service yang telah ditambal Microsoft bulan Oktober lalu. Namun, beberapa laporan mengatakan, virus tersebut tidak mati meski patch telah dipasang. Conficker menginfeksi dengan cara menebak password admin di jaringan atau melalui USB flash.
Jadi, hati-hati terhadap serangan ini dan lebih waspada setiap kali melakukan tukar-menukar file. Update antivirus mutlak untuk mengantisipasi kemungkinan serangan.

Sumber Kompas.com

Readmore »»

Jan 21, 2009

Masalah Posting Artikel di blog


Bagaimana mengatasi masalah postingan artikel pertama-tama saya sarankan jika setelah mengetik artikel di mode COMPOSE,sebelum di publish, sebaiknya pindah dulu ke mode Edit HTML. Nah pada sela-sela paragrap yang ingin di beri jarak kita sisipkan kode --> <br/>
satu kode <br/> berarti satu line break ke bawah, jadi kalau jarak yang di inginkan jauh ke bawah kita tinggal tambahkan kode <br/> beberapa kali.

Contoh :


Di kabarkan padai awal tahun 2007 kemarin telah di luncurkan suatu produk alarm mobil yang mengklaim dirinya sebagai alarm tercanggih di dunia. Produk tersebut terdiri dari dua item produk dengan kecanggihan yang berbeda.
<br/><br/>
Produk pertama :
<br/><br/>
Alarm dengan menggunakan sim card, yakni alarm yang bisa me report kepada pemilik melalui teknologi GSM. Semisal mobil kita di ganggu orang sehingga bunyi, maka mobil ini akan secara otomatis menelpon kita untuk me report bahwa mobil kita di ganggu, Jangkauannya sampai dengan jangkauan provider dari GSM selularnya.

Maka yang akan muncul di blog kita akan seperti ini :

Di kabarkan padai awal tahun 2007 kemarin telah di luncurkan suatu produk alarm mobil yang mengklaim dirinya sebagai alarm tercanggih di dunia. Produk tersebut terdiri dari dua item produk dengan kecanggihan yang berbeda.

Produk pertama :

Alarm dengan menggunakan sim card, yakni alarm yang bisa me report kepada pemilik melalui teknologi GSM. Semisal mobil kita di ganggu orang sehingga bunyi, maka mobil ini akan secara otomatis menelpon kita untuk me report bahwa mobil kita di ganggu, Jangkauannya sampai dengan jangkauan provider dari GSM selularnya.


atau bisa juga kita menggunakan tag <p> ... </p>, tapi saya lebih menyukai tag <br/> tadi.

Untuk permasalahan tadi saya rasa sudah cukup jelas, nah saya sarankan bila kawan-kawan ingin terbiasa dengan kode HTML, maka ketika posting artikel sebaiknya pada posisi Edit HTML jangan pada posisi Compose, sebab ada peribahasa alah bisa karena biasa.

Mudah-mudahan bermanfaat.

Readmore »»

Cara membuat READ MORE di blogger


Biasanya postingan terbaru akan ditampilkan dihalaman utama blog. Namun jika postingan kamu terlalu panjang maka hal tersebut akan membuat penuh halaman utama. Jika kamu ingin supaya postingan kamu yang ditampilkan dihalaman utama cuma abstraksinya saja kemudian ada sebuah link Read More ( istilah lain" Baca Selengkapnya " untuk melihat selengkapnya maka ikutilah langkah-langkah berikut :

1. Buka menu Layout kemudian pilih Edit HTML.
2. Kasih tanda cek (centang) pada cekbox "expand widget template"
3. Cari kode berikut di Template blog kamu (tempatnya kira-kira pada 1/4 bagian bawah kode hmtl) :



<div class='post-body entry-content'>kalo dah ketemu maka dibawahnya ada kode ini :

<p><data:post.body/></p>


4. Kalau sudah ketemu, Ganti kode yang ini

<p><data:post.body/></p>

menjadi seperti ini :

<b:if cond='data:blog.pageType == "item"'>
<style>.fullpost{display:inline;}</style>
<p><data:post.body/></p>
<b:else/>
<style>.fullpost{display:none;}</style>

<p><data:post.body/></p>

<a expr:href='data:post.url'>Read More......</a>
</b:if>

Tulisan "Read More....." itu bisa kamu rubah, misalnya jadi "Baca Selengkapnya".


5. Simpan hasil pengeditan.
6. Kemudian pilih menu Setting lalu pilih Formatting
7. Pada kotak Post Template isikan kode berikut:

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8. Kemudian Simpan.
9. Ketika memposting, kan disana ada 2 tab pilihan tuh, yang "Compose" dan "Edit Html", Nha km pilih Yang "Edit HTML", Maka secara otomatis akan tampak kode seperti berikut :

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10. Letakkan abstraksi posting atau artikel yang akan ditampilkan dihalama utama (sebelum tulisan "Redmore") diatas kode ini : <span class="fullpost"> sementara sisanya yaitu keseluruhan posting letakkan di antara kode <span class="fullpost"> dan </span>
11. selesai .

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Nov 15, 2008

Linux - Wine


Wine description

Wine is an Open Source implementation of the Windows API on top of X and Unix.

Wine is an Open Source implementation of the Windows API on top of X and Unix.

Think of Wine as a compatibility layer for running Windows programs. Wine does not require Microsoft Windows, as it is a completely free alternative implementation of the Windows API consisting of 100% non-Microsoft code, however Wine can optionally use native Windows DLLs if they are available. Wine provides both a development toolkit for porting Windows source code to Unix as well as a program loader, allowing many unmodified Windows programs to run on x86-based Unixes, including Linux, FreeBSD, and Solaris.

Here are some key features of "Wine":

Binary Compatibility:

· Loads Windows 9x/NT/2000/XP, Windows 3.x and DOS programs and libraries
· Win32 compatible memory layout, exception handling, threads and processes
· Designed for POSIX compatible operatings systems (eg. Linux and FreeBSD)
· ``bug-for-bug'' compatibility with Windows

Graphics:

· X11-based graphics allows remote display to any X terminal
· X11, TrueType (.ttf/.ttc) and Windows Bitmap (.fon) Fonts
· DirectX support for games (limited Direct3D support)
· Printing via PostScript driver or legacy native Win16 printer drivers
· Enhanced Metafile (EMF) and Windows Metafile (WMF) driver
· Desktop-in-a-box or mixable windows
· Windows MultiMedia (WinMM) layer support with builtin codecs

Allows Windows program to interface with:

· Sound devices via ALSA, OSS, ARTS, JACK, and libaudio etc
· Multi-lingual keyboards and CJK input method support via XIM
· Modems, serial devices
· Networks (TCP/IP and IPX)
· ASPI Scanners
· Windows Tablets via XInput (eg. Wacom)

Wine API:

· Designed for source and binary compatibility with Win32 code
· Win32 API test suite to ensure compatibility
· Compilable on a wide range of C compilers
· Permits mixing of Win32 and POSIX code
· Permits mixing of ELF (.so) and PE (.dll/.exe) binaries in one address space
· Win32 compatible header files
· Automatically generated API documentation
· Resource compiler
· Message compiler
· IDL compiler
· extensive Unicode support
· Internationalization -- Wine supports 16 languages
· Built-in debugger and configurable trace messages
· External memory checker support using Valgrind
· Sample programs

· Substantial parts of inetcomm implemented (for Outlook).
· Still better crypt32 support.
· Memory management improvements.
· Theming support for buttons.
· Various bug fixes.

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Nov 14, 2008

Ubuntu 8.04 Hardy Heron Lts Release , Now Get ubuntu 8.10 It's free



Author: Andrew Weber
After continued success with Ubuntu 7.10 Gutsy Gibbon, the new Ubuntu 8.04 Hardy Heron Linux desktop is sure to make big waves in the Linux distribution pool. As shown in the Ubuntu 8.04 alpha and beta releases, the new Ubuntu 8.04 Hardy Heron release offers many features and enhancements for your desktop including the following and more.

Gnome 2.22 on Ubuntu 8.04 Hardy Heron has a full array of improvements including the new GVFS Back-end Nautilus.

Pulse Audio offers cutting edge sound server technology on Ubuntu 8.04 Hardy Heron.

Ubuntu 8.04 Hardy Heron offers Firefox 3.0 which offers a good collection of new, tested, productive features but is still in beta at the time of this writing.

The Wubi installer allows you to easily install Ubuntu 8.04 Hardy Heron on Windows using an .exe just like any other Windows application.

Along with the new Ubuntu 8.04 Hardy Heron graphic scheme the World Clock Applet is an all around positive for the desktop offering temperature display, location profiles and more.

X.org 7.3 gives Ubuntu 8.04 Hardy Heron users auto-configuration enhancements with the focus placed a minimal configuration file.

Developed by Google during the Summer of Code project and included in the upcoming Ubuntu 8.04 Hardy Heron release, Prefetch will speed up boot-time and common application launching by profiling which files are read in which order and will automatically optimize the order of the data on the hard disk.

A new addition to the Ubuntu 8.04 Hardy Heron application selection is Inkscape, a drawing program that has similar features to popular drawing applications like Illustrator, Freehand, and Corel Draw. Inkscape on Hardy Heron will help complete the graphic design application options on Ubuntu Linux.

Ubuntu 8.04 includes Vinagre which is a useful VNC Client designed for the new GNOME 2.22 desktop.

The Gnome BitTorrent downloader has been replaced by the GTK version of Transmission, a multi-platform BitTorrent client that is light weight and full of features.

Brasero will replace the Serpentine burner on the new Ubuntu desktop. Brasero provides simplicity and a decent set of features

Ubuntu 8.04 includes PolicyKit which is now integrated in the administrative user interface. PolicyKit provides the finest control over permissions while enhancing usability and increasing

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Tech Debate: Linux Vs. Windows





There are many heated debates and arguments in the world of computers and technology these days. Some of these debates have been around since the computers first became popular amongst average, everyday people. Issues like choosing a Mac or a PC, or choosing an Apple operating system or a Windows operating system have been highly debated for years – and there have even been a recent line of commercials that brings this argument right into your own living room. However, one of the newest arguments involves a relatively little-know, but highly powerful operating system known as Linux. And the exact question is what one is better – Linux or Windows?

Well, the answer is not a simple and quick one, by any means. There are many things that you need to take into consideration when trying to make the decision between running Linux on your PC or running Windows – and this article attempts to help educate you on the topic, so that you can make a better decision for yourself regarding Linux vs. Windows.

The first thing to consider is your PC gaming life. If you are always playing the hottest new game, you probably want to stick with Windows. Because it is by far the most popular computer operating system available today, more games and applications are developed for Windows than any other platform. And while you may be able to run most Windows-based games on a computer that is running Linux, it’s not a guarantee that every single game in your collection will work. That is why if you are a computer gamer by any means, you will definitely want to pick Windows over Linux.

However, being the most popular operating system has a down side too, as Windows users are well aware of. Because more people use Windows on their home computer than any other operating system, malicious computer users and computer hackers target Windows-based computers far more than any other computer. There are thousands upon thousands of different viruses that may affect your Windows machine – with Linux, however, this simply is not the case. Computer hackers are not going to spend the amount of time that it takes to try and develop a virus for Linux, when it is so easy to make one for Windows. So if security is your main concern for your home computer, without a doubt Linux is the way to go.

Because Linux is an open source operating system however, it has gained quite a bit of popularity lately. What this means is that all of the ordinary users of Linux are free to play around with the operating system and develop their own programs and applications. And as this becomes more and more commonplace, you never quite know what Linux might come out with next. Indeed, it might be even better than anything Windows has to offer. And if you are already running a Linux operating system on your home computer, you will be a step ahead of most users who are still using Microsoft Windows on their machines. Ultimately, the choice is yours – though each system does have its advantages and disadvantages.

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Nov 4, 2008

Internet browser history



Nicholas C Smith is the project manager at Breakfrom Limited, who specialise in affordable ecommerce solutions and general web design knowledge and advice.

With Internet Explorer 8 now available, can Microsoft hope to retain market dominance over fierce open source rivals such as Mozilla's Firefox or the feature packed Opera web browser. Can history give us a clue to what the future of web browsers/browsing might hold? How did Netscape Navigator go from having a dominant 89.36% market share of all web browsers in 1996 and yet only 3.76% by mid 1999?


Let us take a journey that will begin long before even the intellectual conception of Internet Explorer, that will glance at its long defeated rivals, examine the current browsers available and will end with a prediction of what the future of browsing will offer us – and which browser(s) will still be around to offer it.

People often think that Internet Explorer has been the dominant web browser since the golden age of the internet began. Well for a very long time now it has indeed been the most popular browser and at times been almost totally unrivalled. This was mainly a result of it being packaged free with Microsoft Windows, in what some would later call a brutal monopolisation attempt by Microsoft. The last few years however have heralded the arrival of new, possibly superior browsers. Mozilla's Firefox has been particularly successful at chipping away at Explorers market dominance. So where did it all begin, and why were Microsoft ever allowed to have a hundred percent market dominance?

Origins

The truth is they never did have total dominance, but at times they have come very close. Microsoft actually entered the Browser Battle quite late on. Infact a man named Neil Larson is credited to be one of the originators of internet browsers, when in 1977 he created a program – The TRS-80 - that allowed browsing between “sites” via hypertext jumps. This was a DOS program and the basis of much to come. Slowly other browsers powered by DOS and inspired by the TRS 80 were developed. Unfortunately they were often constricted by the limitations of the still fairly young internet itself.

In 1988, Peter Scott and Earle Fogel created a simple, fast browser called Hytelnet, which by 1990 offered users instant logon and access to the online catalogues of over five thousand libraries around the world – an exhilarating taste of what the internet, and web browsers, would soon be able to offer.

In 1989 the original World Wide Web was born. Using a NeXTcube computer, Tim Berners-Lee created a web browser that would change how people used the internet forever. He called his browser the WorldWideWeb(http://www., which is still likely to sound familiar to internet users today. It was a windowed browser capable of displaying simple style sheet, capable of editing sites and able to download and open any file type supported by the NeXTcube.

In 1993 the first popular graphical browser was released. Its name was Mosaic and it was created by Marc Andreessen and Eric Bina. Mosaic could be run on both Unix, and very importantly, on the highly popular Microsoft Windows operating system (incidentally it could also be used on Amiga and Apple computers). It was the first browser on Windows that could display graphics/pictures on a page where there was also textual content. It is often cited as being responsible for triggering the internet boom due to it making the internet bearable for the masses. (It should be noted that the web browser Cello was the first browser to be used on Windows – but it was non graphical and made very little impact compared to Mosaic).

The Browser Wars - Netscape Navigator versus Internet Explorer

Mosaic's decline began almost as soon as Netscape Navigator was released (1994). Netscape Navigator was a browser created by Marc Andreessen, one of the men behind Mosaic and co-founder of Netscape Communications Corporation. Netscape was unrivalled in terms of features and usability at the time. For example, one major change from previous browsers was that it allowed surfers to see parts of a website before the whole site was downloaded. This meant that people did not have to wait for minutes simply to see if the site they were loading was the actual one the were after, whilst also allowing them to read information on the site as the rest of it downloaded. By 1996 Netscape had almost 90% market dominance, as shown below.

Market Share Comparisons of Netscape Navigator and Internet Explorer from 1996 to 1998

....................Netscape.......IE
October 1998..........64%.........32.2%
April 1998............70%.........22.7%
October 1997..........59.67%......15.13%
April 1997............81.13%......12.13%
October 1996..........80.45%......12.18%
April 1996............89.36%.......3.76%

In these two years Netscape clearly dominated the internet browser market, but a new browser named Internet Explorer was quickly gaining ground on it.

Microsoft released their own browser (ironically based on the earlier Mosaic browser which was created by one of the men now running Netscape), clearly worried about Netscape's dominance. It was not so much the worry that it would have a 100% market share of internet browsers on their Windows operating system, but more the worry that browsers would soon be capable of running all types programs on them. That would mean foregoing the need for an actual operating system, or at the most only a very basic one would be needed. This in turn would mean Netscape would soon be able to dictate terms to Microsoft, and Microsoft were not going to let that happen easily. Thus in August 1995, Internet Explorer was released.

By 1999 Internet explorer had captured an 89.03% market share, whilst Netscape was down to 10.47%. How could Internet Explorer make this much ground in just two years? Well this was down to two things really. The first, and by far the most important was that Microsoft bundled Internet Explorer in with every new copy of Windows, and as Windows was used by about 90% of the computer using population it clearly gave them a huge advantage. Internet Explorer had one other ace it held over Netscape – it was much better. Netscape Navigator was stagnant and had been for some time. The only new features it ever seemed to introduce were often perceived by the public as beneficial for Netscape's parent company rather than Netscape's user base. (i.e., features that would help it monopolise the market). Explorer, on the other hand, was given much attention by Microsoft. Regular updates and excellent usability plus a hundred million dollar investment would prove too much for Netscape Explorer.


2000 – 2005

These years were fairly quiet in the Battle of the Browsers. It seemed as if Internet Explorer had won the war and that nobody could even hope to compete with it. In 2002/2003 it had attained about 95% of the market share – about the time of IE 5/6. With over 1000 people working on it and millions of dollars being poured in, few people had the resources to compete. Then again, who wanted to compete? It was clearly a volatile market, and besides that everybody was content with Internet Explorer. Or were they? Some people saw faults with IE – security issues, incompatibility issues or simply bad programming. Not only that, it was being shoved down peoples throats. There was almost no competition to keep it in line or to turn to as an alternative. Something had to change. The only people with the ability and the power to compete with Microsoft took matters into their own hands.

Netscape was now supported by AOL. A few years prior, just after they had lost the Browser Wars to Microsoft, they had released the coding for Netscape into the public domain. This meant anybody could develop their own browser using the Netscape skeleton. And people did. Epiphany, Galeon and Camino, amongst others, were born out of Netscape's ashes. However the two most popular newcomers were called Mozilla and Firefox.

Mozilla was originally an open sourced project aimed to improve the Netscape browser. Eventually it was released as Netscape Navigator 7 and then 8. Later it was released as Mozilla 1.0.

Mozilla was almost an early version on another open source browser, Firefox. With it being an open source the public were able to contribute to it - adding in what features it needed, the programming it required and the support it deserved. The problems people saw in Internet Explorer were being fixed by members of the open sourced browser community via Firefox. For instance, the many security issues IE 6 had were almost entirely fixed in the very first release of Firefox. Microsoft had another fight on their hands.

2005 – Present

Firefox was the browser that grew and grew in these years. Every year capturing an even larger market share percentage than before. More user friendly than most of its rivals along with high security levels and arguably more intelligent programming helped its popularity. With such a large programming community behind it, updates have always been regular and add on programs/features are often released. It prides itself on being the peoples browser. It currently has a 28.38% market share.

Apple computers have had their own browser since the mid 1990's – Safari - complete with its own problems, such as (until recently) the inability to run Java scripts. However most Apple users seemed happy with it and a version capable of running on Windows has been released. It has had no major competitor on Apple Macs, and as such has largely been out of the Browser Wars. It currently holds a 2.54% market share and is slowly increasing.

Internet Explorer's market share has dropped from over 90% to around 75%, and is falling. It will be interesting to see what Microsoft will attempt to regain such a high market share.

Opera currently holds 1.07%.

Mozilla itself only has a 0.6% market share these days.


The Future of Web Browsing

Web browsers come and go. It is the nature of technology (if such a term can be used), to supplant inferior software in very short periods of time. It is almost impossible for a single company to stay ahead of the competition for long. Microsoft have the advantage of being able to release IE with any Windows using PC. That covers over 90% of the market. They also have the advantage of unprecedented resources. They can compete how they wish for as long as they wish. So there is no counting IE out of the future of web browsing.

Safari is in a similar position, being easily the most popular Mac web browser. Its long term survival is dependant upon Apple and the sale of their computers.

These are the only two browsers that are almost guaranteed another five years of life, at least. Firefox may seem like another candidate, but the public is fickle, and one bad release, or if it seriously lags behind the new Internet Explorer 8 for long, could easily see its popularity quickly descend into virtual oblivion.

However, it seems likely community driven browsers, such as Mozilla and Firefox, will be the only types of browser capable of competing with the wealthy internet arm of Microsoft in the near future.



As for web browsing itself, will it change any time soon? Well it already has for some online communities. For example, if you want to buy clothes you could try entering an online 'world' creating an online virtual You to go from 'shop to shop' with, looking at products and trying/buying what you see. Some 'worlds' allow you to recreate yourself accurately including weight and height and then try on things apparel such as jeans to give you an idea of how you would look in that particular item.

Will 'worlds' like this destroy normal web browsers such as IE ? - It seems unlikely. Traditional web browsers provide such freedom and ease of access that it is hard to see any other alternative taking over. However they are part of the new, 'thinking out of the box' wave of alternatives that some people will find attractive, and really who knows what the future will bring.

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Oct 12, 2008

About Ubuntu


What does Ubuntu mean?

Ubuntu is an African word meaning 'Humanity to others', or 'I am what I am because of who we all are'. The Ubuntu distribution brings the spirit of Ubuntu to the software world.
Ubuntu is a community developed operating system that is perfect for laptops, desktops and servers. Whether you use it at home, at school or at work Ubuntu contains all the applications you'll ever need, from word processing and email applications, to web server software and programming tools.

Ubuntu is and always will be free of charge. You do not pay any licensing fees. You can download, use and share Ubuntu with your friends, family, school or business for absolutely nothing.
We issue a new desktop and server release every six months. That means you'll always have the latest and greatest applications that the open source world has to offer.
Ubuntu is designed with security in mind. You get free security updates for at least 18 months on the desktop and server. With the Long Term Support (LTS) version you get three years support on the desktop, and five years on the server. There is no extra fee for the LTS version, we make our very best work available to everyone on the same free terms. Upgrades to new versions of Ubuntu are and always will be free of charge.

Everything you need comes on one CD, providing a complete working environment. Additional software is available online.
The graphical installer enables you to get up and running quickly and easily. A standard installation should take less than 25 minutes.
Once installed your system is immediately ready-to-use. On the desktop you have a full set of productivity, internet, drawing and graphics applications, and games.
On the server you get just what you need to get up and running and nothing you don't.

Ubuntu Desktop Edition
With Ubuntu Desktop Edition you can surf the web, read email, create documents and spreadsheets, edit images and much more. Ubuntu has a fast and easy graphical installer right on the Desktop CD. On a typical computer the installation should take you less than 25 minutes.
Desktop simplicity

When you start your system for the first time you'll see a desktop that is clean and tidy, no desktop icons, and a default theme that is easy on the eye.
Ubuntu 'Just Works'We've done all the hard work for you. Once Ubuntu is installed, all the basics are in place so that your system will be immediately usable.

A complete office productivity suite

OpenOffice contains a user interface and feature set that is similar to other office suites, and includes all the key desktop applications you need, such as:

Word processor - for anything from writing a quick letter to producing an entire book.
Spreadsheet - a tool to calculate, analyse, and present your data in numerical reports
Edit and share files in other formats Easily open, edit and share files with your friends that have Microsoft Office, Word Perfect, KOffice or StarOffice.
updatesThe task bar contains an update area where we'll notify you when there are updates available for your system, from simple security fixes to a complete version upgrade. The update facility enables you to keep your system up-to-date with just a few clicks of your mouse.
A vast library of free software,Need more software? Simply choose from thousands of software packages in the Ubuntu catalogue, all available to download and install at the click of a button. And it's all completely free!

Help and support


You'll be able to find help using the desktop browser or online. If you have a question about using Ubuntu, you can bet someone else has already asked it. Our community has developed a range of documentation that may contain the answer to your question, or give you ideas about where to look.


This is also where you'll get access to free support from the Ubuntu community in the chat and mailing lists in many languages. Alternatively, you can purchase professional support from the Canonical Global Support Services Team, or local providers.

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